Objective: The promotion of science is one of the new topics that has received much attention in recent years. Promoting science is trying to reflect scientific ideas in a way that the general public can understand the science’, s basic concepts. Considering the importance and position of science popularization, this research has been formed in order to follow and review the policies in the field of science promotion based on the country’, s upstream documents and to fill the research gap in this field. Method: This research is descriptive-analytical and it uses the method of content analysis and documentary review. By examining the content of upstream documents and the policies of the country in this study 11, documents and policies that have dealt with the promotion of science were analyzed. This study determines what aspect of the promotion of science each of these cases addressed. Findings: Based on this study, it was found that the“,Comprehensive Scientific Map of Health ”, includes the issue of science generalization in values and strategies, introduced the relevant institutions and pointed to some tools to achieve this and some indicators in order to evaluate the extent of their accomplishments has been proposed. This document has performed better than other documents and policies in this area. The“,Comprehensive Scientific Map of the country, ”, in addition to the evaluation criteria, has tried to consider other aspects and dimensions of the subject of promotion. Other studied documents have more or less addressed various aspects of the subject of science promotion.

Purpose: in addition to the important issues like policymaking and implementation process of Popularization of Science in the National mechanism in Iran, several factors should be considered because they have a major role in success or failure of mechanism. So, Identifying barriers and problem solving strategies are important.Methodology: A national survey involving 60 experts who were working on popularization of science by individual interest or as job task. Data were collected and analyzed by using mixed of methods (Document study, Survey and interviews). Participants were identified through targeted sampling and snowball identification technique.Findings: The descriptive results of research revealed that “Reforming the Educational systems (Schools and Universities) in Iran, with considering Popularization of Science, as one of the most important activities” was identified as the first important factors (the first in ranking), according to 60 participants answers, and also “improving the awareness of Government officials and private organizations about importance of Popularization of Science” and “Paying attention about Popularization of Science from an early ages” were two other important factors in experts points of view (the second and third in ranking).Conclusion: “Governmental Financial support from the newly established centers, private centers, entrepreneurships and etc.”, “Paying the grants to active organizations and designing encouraging programs”, and “identifying the especial policy for funding, loans, and etc. for Governmental and private centers by Government” were three important approaches in order to overcome financial problems.

Background: Health promoting activities and a healthy lifestyle are major strategies to preserve health. Regarding the importance of health in young people, health promotion in society and also lack of related studies in Iran, this study was designed to determine the performance of the health-enhancing behaviors in medical university students and its effective factors.Materials and Method: This study was a cross-sectional-descriptive survey assessing health-promoting lifestyle among students of Yazd university of medical sciences. A total number of 440 students were recruited in this study using a stratified sampling method. Health-promoting lifestyle was measured using walker’s health–promoting life style profile II (HPLP-II) instrument. Data were analyzed by c2, student t -tests and one way ANOVA, using SPSS -11.5.Result: Age range of participants was from 17 to 33 years with a mean age of 21.1 years and was composed of 67.4% females and 32.6% males. Totally, the overall health-promoting lifestyle profile had a mean of 130.31±19). The highest mean in the subscales was 26.03±5.04) for spiritual growth and the lowest was 16.24±4.28) for physical activity.Statistical significant association was seen between the socio-demographic variables particularly employment situation (p =0.002), study field (p =0.001), mother’s education level (p =0.007) and mother’s job (p =0.01) with mean of overall health-promoting lifestyle profile.Conclusion: Regarding the situation of health-promoting behaviors due to low physical activity among students especially in girls providing health education programs toward increasing physical activity is recommended.

The idea that science is objective, or able to achieve objectivity, is in large part responsible for the role that science plays within society. But what is objectivity? The idea of objectivity is ambiguous. This paper distinguishes between three basic forms of objectivity. The first form of objectivity is ontological objectivity: the world as it is in itself does not depend upon what we think about it; it is independent of human thought, language, conceptual activity or experience. The second form of objectivity is the objectivity of truth: truth does not depend upon what we believe or justifiably believe; truth depends upon the way reality itself is. The third form of objectivity is epistemic objectivity: this form of objectivity resides in the scientific method which ensures that subjective factors are excluded, and only epistemically relevant factors play a role in scientific inquiry. The paper considers two problems that arise for the notion of epistemic objectivity: the theory-dependence of observation and the variability of the methods of science. It is argued that the use of shared standard procedures ensures the objectivity of observation despite theory-dependence. It is argued that the variability of methods need not lead to an epistemic relativism about science. The paper concludes with the realist suggestion that the best explanation of the success of the sciences is that the methods employed in the sciences are highly reliable truth-conducive tools of inquiry. The objectivity of the methods of the sciences leads to the objective truth about the objective world.

Introduction: Academic faculty members need to emphasize ethical principles in order to improve higher education, with the understanding of this importance, the current research was conducted with the aim of designing the ethical model of academic faculty members in Iran's higher education. Material & Methods: This research is a type of qualitative study that uses foundational data theory. The participants, including experts and faculty members of the country's public universities, who were responsible for the promotion of academic members, were selected as key informants through a targeted sampling method of 45 people. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The reliability and validity of the data were obtained from the two methods of reviewing the participants and recoding by experts. Data were analyzed by open, central and selective coding. Results: The results showed that the moral model of faculty members in Iran's higher education is explained in 10 main categories and 27 subcategories. Major and core categories in the form of 6 dimensions of causal conditions including (individual factors, organizational factors), core (cultural-educational, educational ethics, research ethics, scientific-executive), background conditions (higher education policies, moral activism), intervening conditions (environmental factors), strategies (micro level-university, macro level-higher education) and consequences (individual and organizational) were elevated to a higher abstract level and finally the research paradigm model was presented. Conclusion: The regulations for the promotion of academic staff members in Iran require a detailed revision of the content with an ethical and qualitative approach in order to make the indicators of the promotion regulations efficient and effective.

The Abrahamic religions include the three monotheistic religions of Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. All of these religions consider Abraham as their ancestor, and they consider science to be the knowledge of the universe and humanity, which are divine revelations. The framework of science in the Abrahamic religions uses three basic concepts: 1) monotheism (as a fundamental principle, a single and all-encompassing Divine vision) 2) the universe (as a divine creation) 3) science (as an all-encompassing knowledge about the world as the sign of God). The purpose of writing this paper is to find the common principles governing science among Abrahamic religions, using a descriptive-analytical method based on library sources. The results of this research is an intellectual attempt to draw on the commonalities between various Abrahamic religions in the areas of constructive dialogue in the field of globalization, based on revelatory and spiritual teachings, to achieve the unification of the world, which is one of the divine promises and is rooted in the natural foundations of humanity.

Introduction: From a long time ago, benefiting from technology has been an inevitable thing for human interests, which is born and based on science. It can be claimed that there is harmony between ethics, science and technology, which promote each other. In this article, the researcher discusses this harmony and compatibility. Material and Methods: The current review study was descriptive and using the study of sources and research keywords among the books and articles published in the databases of Thomson Information Institute, Science Direct and Pub Med. Conclusion: As science and technology continue to advance and become more integrated into our daily lives, ethical considerations become increasingly important. For example, the rise of artificial intelligence (AI) has raised questions about the potential implications of creating machines that can make autonomous decisions and take actions. If science and technology were considered as a tool, it should have been able to subjugate humans and influence all aspects of behavior and values. While it has become a problem that eventually becomes aligned with morality by applying reason, and people now seek help from it as a tool.